Recommendations of the Panamanian Pediatric Society: Immunization against Respiratory Syncytial Virus in children

Abstract

The scientific evidence from the past five years was evaluated regarding two available prevention strategies: the use of nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, and maternal immunization with the RSVpreF vaccine. Both strategies were analyzed in terms of effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and feasibility of implementation within the national context. Results: Nirsevimab proved to be the most effective and cost-efficient strategy for reducing hospitalizations and deaths related to RSV, particularly in infants under six months of age and high-risk children. International studies, such as those conducted in Spain and the United States, support its clinical efficacy and economic benefits. Maternal immunization, while beneficial, showed a lesser preventive impact. In Panama, universal administration of nirsevimab at birth, alongside neonatal vaccines, is recommended. Conclusions: It is recommended to include nirsevimab in the national immunization schedule, provided equitable and sustainable access to this strategy is ensured throughout the country. This would have a significant impact on reducing the RSV disease burden and improving child health.